ihicha friza, nke a makwaara dị ka friza-ihicha, bụ usoro ịkpọ nkụ dị ala nke a na-eji agwọ ngwaahịa ndị nwere mmetụta okpomọkụ. Nkà na ụzụ ugbu a bụ ụkpụrụ omume n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ. N'ihi na ọ na-eji nwayọọ na-ehichapụ ngwaahịa ahụ n'emebighị ọrụ ndụ ya na ihe anụ ahụ ya.
一, akụkọ ihe mere eme igwe na-ehicha ọgwụ
Na 1906, Jacques-Arsene de Assonval chepụtara usoro ịsa oyi na kọleji de France na Paris. Mgbe e mesịrị, n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, a na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe iji chekwaa serum. Kemgbe ahụ, ihicha oyi aghọọla otu n'ime usoro kachasị mkpa maka ịchekwa ọgwụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na ihe ndị dị ndụ.
二, uru nke ọgwụ ifriizi-ihicha igwe
1, nọgide na-enwe chemical na anụ ahụ
N'adịghị ka ụzọ ikpo ọkụ na-adabere na okpomọkụ, ihicha-frize na-eji obere okpomọkụ na usoro a na-akpọ sublimation na desorption iji mee ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ. Ọ na-ezere oke okpomọkụ iji chebe iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke ngwaahịa ahụ, nke na-adịghị emetụta kemịkalụ ma ọ bụ nke anụ ahụ.
2. Chekwaa ọrụ ndu
Maka ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọgwụ, ebe ọtụtụ ngwaahịa na ihe atụ na-esighi ike, ndị na-adịghị eguzosi ike n'ihe, na ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, usoro nchekwa a dị mma. Ọ na-adịkarị ifriizi-ihicha na-ahụ maka ọrụ ndu>90%.
3, dị mfe ịchekwa na ibufe
Ihe dị n'ime mmiri nke ọgwụ ndị a mịrị amịkpọ bụ <3%, nke kwesịrị ekwesị maka nchekwa ogologo oge na njem n'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ. Naanị tinye mmiri ka iweghachi ngwaahịa ahụ na ọnọdụ mbụ ya. Ikike ime ka ngwaahịa kwụsie ike na ịbawanye ndụ ọgwụ na ọgwụ emewo ka ihicha friza bụrụ otu n'ime usoro a na-ejikarị na ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ. A na-ekwu na ndụ nchekwa nke ihe ndị akpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ dị dịkarịa ala afọ 5 na ruo afọ 30.
三, eji igwe na-ehicha friza ọgwụ eme ihe
1. ọgwụ ntụ ntụ
a: Ịgba ọgwụ: ogige glycyrrhizin akpọnwụ akpọnwụ, recombinant interferon γ mmadụ, wdg.
Stem cell, biopharmaceutical, ọgwụ ọgwụ kemịkalụ;
b: Vaccines: ogwu ogwu encephalitis inactivated, intradermal injections nke ogwu ogwu BCG, mumps ndụ attenuated ogwu ogwu, yellow fever na-ebi ndụ attenuated, wdg.
c: Protein: immunoglobulin, mgbagwoju prothrombin mmadụ, fibrinogen mmadụ, serum venom agwọ, scorpion venom serum, Staphylococcus A protein dị ọcha ngwaahịa, wdg;
d: Ọgwụ nje: antitoxin diphtheria akpọnwụ akpọnwụ, tetanus antitoxin akpọnwụ akpọnwụ, wdg;
2. Ngwa ọgwụ ndị China (emecha)
a: Osisi: Ginseng, Notoginseng, American ginseng, Dendrobium, Scutellaria skullcap, Licorice, Radix salva, Wolfberry, safflower, honeysuckle, chrysanthemum, Ganoderma lucidum, ginger, Peony, peony, Rehmannia, yam (Huaichestra), Cilushgo, Ginkgo. , oroma bee, Tremella tremella, Hawthorn, mkpụrụ mọnk, Gastrodia gastrodia, Tianshan Snow Lotus, wdg;
b: Anụmanụ: eze jelii, placenta, cordyceps, oké osimiri, gall bear, antler mgbada, ọbara mgbada, musk, ejiao, heparin sodium, wdg;
3. Ihe eji eme ihe
Akụrụngwa ndu, akụrụngwa anụmanụ, akụrụngwa kemịkalụ, ọgwụ mmịpụta gbadoro anya;
4. Nchọpụta reagent
Nnwale gburugburu ebe obibi: reagents àgwà nyocha mmiri, ihe nleba anya nke ala na ndị ọzọ akpọnwụwo;
reagent nchọpụta nchọpụta, reagent nchọpụta nchọpụta, biochemical reagent nchọpụta;
5, ụdị ndụ ndụ, anụ ahụ dị ndụ
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mee ụdị anụmanụ dị iche iche na ihe ọkụkụ, kpoo ma chekwaa akpụkpọ ahụ, cornea, ọkpụkpụ, aorta, valvụ obi na akụkụ anụ ahụ ndị ọzọ nke xenogeneic ma ọ bụ homologous transplantation nke anụmanụ, dị ka ifriizi-Fikiere;
6. Microorganisms na algae
Dị ka ụdị nje bacteria dị iche iche, yist, enzymes, protozoa, micro-algae na ihe ndị ọzọ na-echekwa ogologo oge, dị ka ihicha oyi.
7, ngwaahịa ndu, ọgwụ
Dị ka ichekwa antimicrobials, antitoxins, nchọpụta nchọpụta na ọgwụ mgbochi;
四, usoro ikpochapụ ọgwụ ọjọọ
N'ụzọ bụ isi, ọgwụ ndị akpọnwụwo nkụ nwere usoro atọ bụ isi: friza, ihicha nke mbụ, na ihicha nke abụọ, nke gụnyere:
Ntu oyi: Ngwaahịa mmiri na-agba ọsọ ngwa ngwa iji gbochie ịmepụta kristal buru ibu nke nwere ike imebi mgbidi cell nke ihe ahụ.
Isi ihicha (sublimation): Nke a bụ ọkwa nke abụọ nke usoro ihicha oyi, nke nrụgide na-ebelata na ikpo ọkụ na-eme ka mmiri oyi kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ. Dabere na nlele, usoro a nwere ike were ebe ọ bụla site na awa ole na ole ruo ụbọchị ole na ole iji wuchaa. Ozugbo ihicha nke mbụ mechara, 93-95% nke mmiri apụtala.
ihicha nke abụọ (adsorption): Nke a bụ ọkwa ikpeazụ ebe a na-abawanye okpomọkụ iji wepụ mmiri fọdụrụnụ. A na-ehichapụ mmiri fọdụrụ n'ime matriks siri ike site n'ịbawanye okpomọkụ.
A na-akwakọba ọgwụ ahụ akpọchiri akpọnwụ na vial ugegbe nwere ihe nkwụsị rọba na okpu aluminom.
五. Ọgwụ dị mma maka ihicha friza
Ọmụmaatụ nke ọgwụ ndị akpọnwụwo akpọnwụ bụ:
ogwu ogwu.
ọgwụ mgbochi.
erythrocyte
plasma
homonụ
nje bacteria
Nje Virus.
enzyme
probiotics
Vitamin na mineral
Collagen peptide
electrolyte
Ngwa ọgwụ na-arụ ọrụ
Ọzọkwa, a na-atụ aro igwe nkụ ifriizi ọgwụ
Ọnwụnwa friza
Igwe igwe oyi akwa
Igwe nju oyi-ịkpọ nkụ
Dị ka ọkachamara emeputa nke ifriizi ihicha usoro na ngwọta, "BOTH" Instrument nwere ọgaranya ahụmahụ na R & D na mmepụta.Ọnwụnwa friza, pilot friza-dryernabayoloji friza-dryernke "BOTH" mepụtara nwere ike gboo mkpa nke obere, pilot ma ọ bụ nnukwu ihe nlele, ma ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ, bikokpọtụrụ anyị, anyị nwere obi ụtọ ịnye gị ndụmọdụ ma zaa ajụjụ ọ bụla ị nwere. Ndị otu anyị ga-enwe obi ụtọ ijere gị ozi. Na-atụ anya ịkọrọ gị na ịkwado gị!"
Oge nzipu: Jan-12-2024
